TheĬapitalistic ideas of ‘ownership’ and ‘master-slave relationship’ are beyond Unaware of the culture of mastering anything but being a part of nature. The ethnic belief of Kino and his community is Kino, a Mexican-Indian pearl diver and his wife Juana. One is destroying a part of the natural order of things, which could result into When one takes a great pearl from its natural setting, then Interpreted this novella as Steinbeck’s statement about the need for theĮcology to be left as undisturbed as possible. Steinbeck was more engrossed in ecology and therefore some critics have It was a story of a large pearl which was eventually tossedīack into the sea from where it was originally taken. During thatĮxploration Steinbeck first heard of the story of the “Pearl of the World” from His friend Ed Rickets went on the exploration of the seacoast in terms of theĮcological functions of the various organisms that existed there. The fact that just before writing this novel, John Steinbeck, along with The novella is interpreted from the ecological point of Mexican-Indian pearl diver and the confrontation of his ethnic thoughts with Pulitzer Prize winner novelist John Steinbeck’s (1902-1968) novella The Pearl (1945) narrates a story of a The twentieth century and also there is presentation of the destruction ofĮco-friendly culture of ethnic communities by colonialism. The dangers ofĬommon future and environmental disasters are predicted in the first half of The beginning of the twentieth century American Literature. Interference in ecology and its impact on the ethnic culture is also focused in The literature of the Third World, who are prominent sufferers of the problemsĪnd also in the American literature, the nation which perhaps is the most The reflections of Eco-criticism movement and ‘DeepĮcology’ are found in the contemporary world literature, more specifically in The Report of the World Commission on EnvironmentĪnd Development: Our Common Future or Gro Harlem Brundtland Report of 1987 also focuses on theĬonditions of ethnic minorities and impacts of the industrialization on them in the first chapter of the report, “A The cultures having heritage and history were true and honest and moreoverĬoherent to nature and hardly there were any exploitation of the nature other The ethnic culture of the world, especially Inįact the ecological problems severed after the industrial revolution and Richness and diversity except to satisfy vital needs.
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Life on Earth have value in themselves, independent of the usefulness of the 1 and 3) of ‘Deep Ecology’ are: The well-being and flourishing of non-human Naess one should “go beyond the factual level of ecology as a science to aĭeeper level of self-awareness and ‘Earth wisdom’” (Porrit and Winner, 1988, Term is coined by a Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess, in 1973. The movement of Eco -criticism is significantly marked with the focus on ‘Deep Ecology’. Estok, Harold Fromm, William Howarth, William Rueckert, Some otherĬontributors to the eco-criticism movement are Lawrence Buell, Cheryll With its physical environment is reflected in literature. The relationship between literature and environment or how human relationship The relationships between living organisms in their natural environment as wellĪs their relationships with that environment, eco-criticism is concerned with Reader, a special journal of eco-criticism. Moreover in 1996, Cheryll Glotfelty, began The Ecocritical Study of Literature and Environment) and their journal ISLE ( Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment ). Consequently, it emerged into the discussions of the eco-criticismĪnd these critics have founded their association ASLE (Association for the International level and thereby it left its impressions on the world of During the same period the various environmental discussions especiallyĪfter United Nation’s Harlem Brundtland Report in 1987, began on the It began in America and initially it was a meeting place of AmericanĬritics discussing and exchanging thoughts and views on American literature 1990, Eco -criticism emerged and developed as a separate branch of literaryĬriticism.